Supply Chain Ontology

Maturity: 🟢 Released

IRI: https://spec.industrialontologies.org/ontology/supplychain/SupplyChain/

The IOF Supply Chain Ontology aims to represent the generic constructs (including classes and properties) related to the domain of supply chain and logistics. The Supply Chain Ontology uses BFO as the top-level ontology and IOF Core as the mid-level ontology. The purpose of the ontology is to serve as a foundation for ensuring consistency and interoperability across various supply chain and logistics ontologies that use IOF reference ontologies.

Classes (113)

Class Definition
airway three-dimensional spatial region that connects one specified location (navigation point) to another at a specified altitude, along…
appraisal process measurement process that involves evaluating, assessing, estimating, or judging the nature, value, importance, condition, or quali…
arrival process material location change process that consists of the participating entity reaching its destination such that the travel or transp…
bill of lading agreement between a shipper and a carrier that prescribes some consigning process
cargo material entity that is transported using a transport equipment by a carrier
cargo role role held by a material entity when it is being transported or is planned to be transported by a carrier
carrier person or business organization who provides transportation services
change process in which some independent continuant endures and 1) one or more of the dependent entities it bears increase or decrease in…
consignee person or business organization that receives some shipment
consignee role role held by a person or business organization when it receives a shipment from a carrier and owns the shipment after the receipt
consigning process business process that results in placing a material entity in the possession of some agent without changing the ownership until th…
consignor person or business organization that prepares and sends shipments for transport
consignor role role held by a business organization or person when it prepares, initiates, and consigns a shipment it owns
container material artifact designed to hold, protect, and facilitate the transport of goods across one or more modes of transportation
container identifier identifier that identifies a container
departure process material location change process that consists of the participating entity leaving its starting location such that the travel or t…
distribution center storage facility designed to store manufactured products that are to be distributed to resellers and wholesalers
distributor person or business organization when it purchases products from manufacturers and resells them to wholesalers
distributor role role held by a person or business organization when it buys some material products from a manufacturer and resells them to a whole…
facility engineered system that consists of buildings, structures, roads, machines, and equipment desgined to provide certain capabilities
factory facility that is designed for manufacturing products and includes one or more production systems
freight container A container that is designed to enclose, protect, and enable the transport of one or more material entities across multiple modes …
freight forwarder person or business organization when it arranges the transportation of shipments on behalf of the shipper (consignor) or consignee
freight forwarder role logistics service provider role held by an agent when it arranges the transportation of shipments on behalf of the shipper (consig…
freight forwarding business function business function that is realized in a freight forwarding service
freight forwarding process business process of planning and coordinating the transportation of material products on behalf of a shipper
freight forwarding service logistics service that consists of at least one freight forwarding process
geospatial location geospatial site that is the location of some material entity at some time or the site of some process
geospatial site site at or near the surface of the earth
global location number identifer that uniquely identifies a business organization or a geospatial location and complies with GS1 GLN coding scheme
group of suppliers group of agents involved in trading and other business relationships with one another during the operation of specific supply chai…
industrial inventory material product, material component, raw material, or material artifact that is ready to be sold or used and is stored in a stora…
industrial inventory role role held by some material entity when it is stored by a bussiness organization and it is intended to be supplied to a customer or…
industry group of organizations that are related based on their primary business activities
integrated carrier business organization business organization that is created for the purpose of providing different types of transportation and freight forwarding servic…
inventory management process business process that consists of the activities required for controlling, tracking, recording, and planning inventories
load collection of material entities which share the same transportation and transfer history
load role traceable resource unit role held by a number of material entities that have been transferred or transported together
location identification scheme identification scheme that prescribes how unique identifiers of physical locations are formulated
location role role held by a geospatial site when it is the location of some material entity at some time or the site of some process
logistic unit material entities packaged together for transport or storage
logistic unit role traceable resource unit role held by a number of material entities that are packaged together for transport or storage
logistics process business process composed of one or more processes such as transport, shipment preparation, storage, or receiving that are coordin…
logistics service commercial service that consists of at least one transport process, packaging process, freight forwarding, or storage process
logistics service provider role service provider role that is held by a business organization or person when it provides a logistics service
lot quantity of material entities produced together and sharing the same production history and specifications
lot identifier identifier that uniquely denotes a particular quantity of material entities that have shared production or transformation history
lot role traceable resource unit role held by material entities that have a shared production or transformation history
make-to-order production capability production capability to manufacture some material artifact only after a confirmed customer order is received
make-to-stock production capability production capability to manufacture and store some product to fulfill the expected incoming orders or forcasted demand
manufacturing service commercial service that consists of at least one manufacturing process
manufacturing service provider role service provider role that is held by a person or business organization when it provides a manufacturing service
manufacturing supply chain system supply chain system that is formed to manufacture one or more products
material trade item material entity that is uniquely identified and is intended to be offered for sale in a selling business process.
material trade item role role of a material product, package of, or group of material products when it is intended to be offered for sale in a selling busi…
packaging plan specification plan specification that prescribes a packaging process
packaging process business process of putting some products or some portion of material into a package according to a packaging plan specification
packaging service logistics service that consists of at lest one packaging process
packaging service provider role logisitics service provider role held by a business organization or person when it provides a packaging service
piece of transport equipment material artifact which has a ransport equipment role
production capability capability of an agent or a system that is realized in a product production process
purchase order agreement between a buyer and a vendor (supplier) that that contains a set of commitments on the buyer and the vendeor
receiving process planned process in which an agent receives some material entity from another agent
retailer person or business organization who buys products from wholesalers and manufacturers and resells them to end users
retailer role role held by a person or business organization when it buys products (material product) from manufacturers or wholesalers and offe…
seaway three-dimensional spatial region that connects one specified location to another on a body of water along which a watercraft may t…
service consumer role customer role held by a person or business organization when it receives and consumes a service
service supply chain system supply chain system that is formed to deliver some commercial services
ship from location geospatial location at which some dispatch process occurs
ship from location role location role held by a geospatial site when it is the location at which some dispatch process occures
ship to location geospatial location in which some receiving process occurs
ship to location role location role held by a geospatial site when it is the location at which some receiving process occures
shipment collection of material entities delivered to a receiver’s location that have undergone the same dispatch and receipt processes
shipment plan specification plan specification that prescribes a shipment preparation process and a transportation process
shipment preparation process business process in which some material entities are prepared to be transported together to a receiver’s location.
shipment role traceable resource unit role held by material entities when they undergo the same dispatch and receipt processes as prescribed by …
shipment state material state in which a shipment that participates in the state has a condition that remains unchanged
shipping route way (three-dimensional spatial region) that connects two or more supply chain nodes along which some shipment travels during a tra…
storage capability capability of an agent or a system that is realized in a storage process
storage facility facility that is designed to store materials or goods
storage process planned process of putting and keeping material entities in a specified location for future use
storage service logistics service that consists of at least one storage process
storage service provider role logisitics service provider role that is held by a person or business organization when it provides a storage service
sublot material entity which has a sublot role
sublot role traceable resource unit role held by a material entity when it is part of a lot and is uniquely identifiable within that lot
supplier evaluation process apprasial process that involves evaluating, assessing, estimating, or judging the capabilities of a person or organization that is…
supply chain agent person or business organization who supplies material products or commercial services to other agents in a supply chain
supply chain agent role role held by an agent that is a part of a supply chain system when it supplies material products or commercial services to other a…
supply chain node geospatial location that is the site of some supply chain process
supply chain node role location role held by a geospatial site when it is the site some supply chain process
supply chain objective specification objective specification that prescribes what the outcome of a supply chain process should be
supply chain plan specification plan specification that has one or more supply chain objective specifications as parts and that prescribes a supply chain process
supply chain process planned process in which a supply chain plan specification is realized by a number of supply chain agents
supply chain system engineered system composed of agents, facilties, machines, and information systems that is designed to deliver products and servic…
supply chain transport process transport process which involves movement of goods between sending trading party’s location and receiving trading party’s location…
supply relationship relationship that exists between two agents when one agent supplies a product or service to another agent and that is prescribed b…
system capability capability that inheres in a system to the extent of the system’s capacity to realize it in some processes
traceability capability of a system to trace the history, application or location of an object
traceable resource unit material entity that is uniquely identified and there may be a need to retrieve information about its history, application, or loc…
traceable resource unit role role held by a number of uniquely identified material entities when they participate in some supply chain processes or production …
tracking event event that has at least one traceable resource unit or equipment (with which TRU comes into contact with) or operator (that runs a…
trailer container that is unpowered and is pulled by a powered vehicle
transport equipment role equipment role held by a material artifact when it is planned to be involved in or is involved in carrying out some part of a tran…
transport process material location change process involving the movement of material entities from one location to another as part of a planned log…
transportation business function business function that is realized in a transportation service
transportation service logistics service that consists of at least one transport process
transportation service provider role logisitics service provider role that is held by a business organization or person when it provides a transportation service
travel process material location change process wherein one or more persons move between geographical locations
wagon container in a rail transport system used for carrying cargo or passengers
warehousing plan specification plan specification that prescribes a warehousing process
warehousing process business process of storing products (material products) in a storage facility for future use
wholesaler person or business organization that buys products from distributors and resells them to retailers or other business organizations
wholesaler role role held by a person or business organization when it buys some product from a distributor and resells them to retailers

Object Properties (18)

Property Definition
agent in relationship from an agent to a process where the agent participates in the process and materially causes the occurrence of the pr…
depends on buyer relation from a supply relationship to a buyer (the bearer), in which the relationship mediates between the buyer and some supplie…
depends on product relation from a supply relationship to a product (the bearer), in which the relationship mediates between the product and some sup…
depends on supplier relation from a supply relationship to a supplier (the bearer), in which the relationship mediates between the supplier and some c…
ends at relationship from a process to a spatial region or site whevever the spatial region or site is the location in which the process e…
has agent relation that holds between a process and agent when the agent participates in the process and plays a causal role
holds relationship between an agent and a material entity when the agent physically keeps or carries the material entity
initiates relationship relation between an event and a relational specifically dependent continuant where the event establishes (originates) the relation…
is site of relationship between a site or spatial region and a process when the process occurs at the site or spatial region
is supplied by at some time relationship between a commercial service or product and a supplier when it the service or product is provided by a supplier to a …
is supplied to at some time relationship between a commercial service or product and a customer when the customer buys the product or service from a supplier
occurs at relationship from a process to a spatial region or site whenvever the spatial region or site is the location in which the process …
occurs on relation which holds between some processual entity and some temporal region whenever the duration of the processual entity is con…
owned by relationship from a material entity to a person or business organization when the material entity is held by the person or busines…
owns relationship from a person or business organization to an independent continuant when the agent holds the independent continuant a…
relationship initiated by relation between a relational specifically dependent continuant and an event where the event establishes (originates) the relation…
starts at relationship from a process to a spatial region or site whevever the spatial region o site is the location in which the process st…
supplies to at some time relationship between a supplier and a customer when the supplier sells a product of service to a customer

Data Properties (1)

Property Definition
has text value relationship between an information entity and a string representation

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