occurs during

IRI: https://spec.industrialontologies.org/ontology/construct/occursDuring

Defined In: https://spec.industrialontologies.org/ontology/core/Core/

Type: Object Property

Range: bfo.BFO_0000015 | bfo.BFO_0000202

Inverse Of: contains occurence of

Definition

relation that holds between two intervals or processes i and j when the first instant of the temporal extent of i is later than the first instant of the temporal extent of j and the last instant of the temporal extent of i is earlier than the last instant of the temporal extent of j

Examples

  • The final inspection and removal of defective products occur during the product is being moved to the packaging station by a conveyor belt; a sensor measures the thickness of the wall during the sand-grinding process; turkey is traditionally served during dinners on Thanksgiving In the United States.

Adapted From

  • https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/182.358434

Formal Axioms

First-Order Logic Axioms

LA1: occursDuring(i,j) → (TemporalInterval(i) ∧ TemporalInterval(j)) ∨ (Process(i) ∧ Process(j))
LA2: TemporalInterval(i) ∧ TemporalInterval(j) ∧ occursDuring(i,j) → ∃i1∃i2∃j1∃j2(TemporalInstant(i1) ∧ TemporalInstant(i2) ∧ TemporalInstant(j1) ∧ TemporalInstant(j2) ∧ hasFirstInstant(i,i1) ∧ hasLastInstant(i,i2) ∧ hasFirstInstant(j,j1) ∧ hasLastInstant(j,j2) ∧ precedes(j1,i1) ∧ precedes(i2,j2))
LA3: Process(i) ∧ Process(j) ∧ occursDuring(i,j) → ∃i1∃j1(TemporalInterval(i1) ∧ TemporalInterval(j1) ∧ occupiesTemporalRegion(i,i1) ∧ occupiesTemporalRegion(j,j1) ∧ occursDuring(i1,j1))
LA4: occursDuring(i,j) ↔ ∃k(temporallyFinishes(i,k) ∧ temporallyStarts(k,j))

Semi-Formal Natural Language Axioms

LA1: If i ‘occurs during’ j then either both are ‘temporal intervals’ or both are ‘process’

LA2: If both i and j are ‘temporal intervals’ and i ‘occurs during’ j’ then first instant of’ j ‘precedes’ the ‘first instant of’ i and the ‘last instant of’ i ‘precedes’ the ‘last instant of’ j

LA3: If both i and j are ‘process’ and i ‘occurs during’ j then the ‘temporal interval’ that i occupies ‘occurs during’ the ‘temporal interval’ that j occupies

LA4: i ‘occurs during’ j if and only if there exists k such that i temporally finishes k and k temporally starts j

Description Logic

constr:occursDuring ⊑ _:topObjectProperty

domain: bfo:process ⊔ bfo:temporal_interval

range: bfo:process ⊔ bfo:temporal_interval

inverse: constr:containsOccurrenceOf

Transitive

SubPropertyOf: _:topObjectProperty

domain: bfo:process or bfo:temporal_interval

range: bfo:process or bfo:temporal_interval

inverse: constr:containsOccurrenceOf

Transitive