assembly
IRI: https://spec.industrialontologies.org/ontology/construct/Assembly
Defined In: https://spec.industrialontologies.org/ontology/core/Core/
SubClass Of: material artifact
Class Hierarchy
owl:Thing › bfo:entity › bfo:continuant › bfo:independent continuant › bfo:material entity › bfo:object › material artifact › assembly
Definition
material artifact that is composed of material components that are physically connected and that is capable of disassembly
Explanatory Notes
Although the term is polysemous and used in a number of other domains beyond manufacturing, it is introduced here as a covering term for any man-made artifact that satisfies the conditions provided, and independent of modality. We expect various subclasses of assembly to be introduced in future along with more precise heuristics for the various modalities in which they exist.
Usage Notes
Every assembly has a plurality of material components. While this is captured in the FOL, due to reasoning limitations with cardinality restrictions and complex properties, the OWL axiom uses ‘some’ instead of min 2. Hence, this class should be modeled as having at least two material components on the instance level.
Examples
- powertrain assembly; partially-assembled powertrain + transmission assembly lying nearby; driveshaft assembly temporarily disassembled for repair or routine maintenance; separator assembly consisting of variously-shaped separator parts that safeguard wine bottles in a case of wine during transport; a material artifact produced entirely through additive manufacturing (provided it is a component somewhere, and can it can be disassembled without damage/destruction).
Counter-Examples
- a portion of material; a piece of glass; a rod of aluminum; a roll of aluminum; an engine block
Adapted From
- APICS 14 ed., 2013, term by the same name; DoD Standard Practice, Identification Marking of US Military Property (MIL-STD-130N Nov. 2012) https://dodprocurementtoolbox.com/cms/sites/default/files/resources/2016-03/MIL-Std130N_Ch1_4.pdf, term by the same name
Primitive Class
This class is declared primitive and it does not have necessary and sufficient condiftions defined.
Primitive Rationale
There are insufficient constructs in the ontology to provide necessary and sufficient conditions. Namely, ‘disassembly capability’ is missing.
Formal Axioms
First-Order Logic Axioms
LA1: Assembly(x) → MaterialArtifact(x) ∧ ∃c∃c1(MaterialComponent(c) ∧ MaterialComponent(c1) ∧ componentPartOfAtAllTimes(c,x) ∧ componentPartOfAtAllTimes(c1,x) ∧ ¬(c=c1 ∨ (componentPartOfAtAllTimes(c,c1) ∨ componentPartOfAtAllTimes(c1,c))))
LA2: MaterialArtifact(x) ∧ ∃p(AssemblyProcess(p) ∧ isSpecifiedOutputOf(x,p)) → Assembly(x)
Semi-Formal Natural Language Axioms
LA1: if x is an ‘assembly’ then x is a ‘material artifact’ and there are at least two distinct ‘material component’ that are ‘component part of at all times’ x
LA2: Material Artifact x that ‘is specified output of’ some Assembly Process p implies x is an Assembly
Description Logic
constr:Assembly ⊑ constr:MaterialArtifact
constr:Assembly ⊑ ∃ constr:componentPartOfAtAllTimes⁻ .constr:MaterialComponent
constr:MaterialArtifact ⊓ ∃ constr:isSpecifiedOutputOf .constr:AssemblyProcess ⊑ constr:Assembly
SubClassOf: constr:MaterialArtifact
SubClassOf: inverse constr:componentPartOfAtAllTimes some constr:MaterialComponent
constr:MaterialArtifact and constr:isSpecifiedOutputOf some constr:AssemblyProcess SubClassOf: constr:Assembly