manufacturing process

IRI: https://spec.industrialontologies.org/ontology/construct/ManufacturingProcess

Defined In: https://spec.industrialontologies.org/ontology/core/Core/

SubClass Of: planned process

Class Hierarchy

owl:Thing › bfo:entity › bfo:occurrent › bfo:process › planned process › manufacturing process

Direct subclasses:

Definition

planned process that consists of a structured set of operations through which input material is transformed or modified

Explanatory Notes

  1. This definition presupposes that the outputs of a manufacturing process are in every case material artifacts or man-made substances.

  2. Processes that have as their primary output, something immaterial or informational in nature (digital outputs), such as found in the production of software, will be considered speparately at a later stage.

3.. There are other processes that while they may come into direct contact with a manufactured component or substance and are often considered part of the overall set of activities planned and executed to manufacture something, they are not “transformative” in nature relative to that which is manufactured, and are specifically excluded the definition. Examples include setup, tear down, transporting components or materials between locations, inspection, and so forth. This is addressed by output in the axiom. Setup => does not have output. Tear down like disassembly should still be considered transformative.

  1. This definition places no additional restrictions on the output of a manufacturing process in terms of being in a state of completion (completed component or finished good).

Examples

  • Drilling a hole on an engine block; manufacturing operation for making a shaft consisting of milling, turning, and drilling manufacturing processes; assembly process, and quality control process; a manufacturing process that uses 3D printing to create the output material entity.

Counter-Examples

  • statistical process control and preventative maintenance management processes that maximize machine availability and the product quality of manufactured products.

Adapted From

  • ISO 15531-1 and ISO 15531-43:2006(en)

Primitive Class

This class is declared primitive and it does not have necessary and sufficient condiftions defined.

Primitive Rationale

There are insufficient constructs to create necessary and sufficient conditions. Namely, constructs for ‘being transformed or modified’ need to be formalized

Formal Axioms

First-Order Logic Axioms 

ManufacturingProcess(x) → PlannedProcess(x) ∧ ∃m∃y∃p∃z(MaterialEntity(m) ∧ (MaterialArtifact(y) ∨ ∃d(MaterialEntity(y) ∧ DesignSpecification(d) ∧ prescribes(d,y))) ∧ PlanSpecification(p) ∧ prescribes(p,x) ∧ Agent(z) ∧ isCarrierOfAtSomeTime(z,p) ∧ participatesInAtSomeTime(z,x) ∧ isInputOf(m,x) ∧ hasSpecifiedOutput(x,y))

Semi-Formal Natural Language Axioms

if x is a ‘manufacturing process’ x then x is a ‘planned process’ that ‘has input’ some ‘material entity’ and ‘has specified output’ some ‘material artifact’ or a ‘material entity’ that is ‘prescribes by’ some ‘design specification’ and x ‘has participant at some time’ some ‘agent’ that is the ‘carrier of at some time’ a ‘plan specification’ that ‘prescribes’ x

Description Logic

constr:ManufacturingProcess ⊑ constr:PlannedProcess

constr:ManufacturingProcess ⊑ ∃ bfo:has_participant .(constr:Agent ⊓ ∃ bfo:is_carrier_of .constr:PlanSpecification)

constr:ManufacturingProcess ⊑ ∃ constr:hasInput .bfo:material_entity

constr:ManufacturingProcess ⊑ ∃ constr:hasSpecifiedOutput .(constr:MaterialArtifact ⊔ (bfo:material_entity ⊓ ∃ constr:prescribedBy .constr:DesignSpecification))

SubClassOf: constr:PlannedProcess

SubClassOf: bfo:has_participant some (constr:Agent and bfo:is_carrier_of some constr:PlanSpecification)

SubClassOf: constr:hasInput some bfo:material_entity

SubClassOf: constr:hasSpecifiedOutput some (constr:MaterialArtifact or (bfo:material_entity and constr:prescribedBy some constr:DesignSpecification))